Aeroplane.



PATENTED PEB. 25, 19034.

L T E E. H S Q T B E H s 2 7. 0 9 l nov T l C IEM DNM EAD NLE EPH... Bnnwvuf HmEw .AM G m I L P D.. A RW 4 o0 9 7 o0 nw N No. 879.848 i 4 PATENTED FEB. 25, 1908. G. H. BENEDIT.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.18.1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

` l sulted`, of course,

panyi'ng drawings wherein:

` provided with extende enoaenn. BENEDIGT, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

AERoPLAN-E.

no. eras/is.

To. all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE BENEDIC'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, In the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain'new and useful` Improvements lin Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification. i

.t My invention relates to ilying machines,

yandparticularly to the type of flying machine aero lanest; which are surfaces so that when driven at considerable speed they Will be buoyed or sustained by pressure of the air. Heretofore machines of this lchanacter, in or- .der 'to operate with any degree of successhave been obliged to be driven at a very great speed, usually at a `speed ofltwenty-ve to thirtyfve miles an hour, which has rein making their manage-` ment very diiicult and very dangerous.

lMy invention has for an object' to so construct an aeroplane that it will rise more easily from the ground, be sustained in the air 'at a less speed than has heretofore been possible 'and be governed and operated more easily.' Y

More particularlymy inventionghas for its objecty to construct a flying machine of this type with -a plurality of planes suitably mounted in the frame-work ofthe machine between vertical planes and so as to be capable of change in an ular position. These planes are ca able of eing tilted at variousangles, in orf er to meet the different conditions involved in rising, descendingf,'r maincommonly called taining flight at a constant level.

The invention further provides for the mounting of these planes centrally, in the manner of the old-fashioned Window shutter so that they are balanced and may be easily shifted vwith littleeort. j A 1 y AMy invention hasv for a further -object to rovide the machine with lateral parachuteikedevices which aid in sustainingv the Inaohine in the air and retard its descent.

The invention has for its ob'ect such other and further im rovementsjand rawings and Will'be described shown in the 'inthe `following specication'.

,y The invention is illustrated in the accom-y Figure 1 is an end elevation of a forni of` apparatus embodying n1 y invention and Fig .y

'l Specification of Letters Patent. Appleman ned umh 18.1901.- snin no. 353.079.

any extent.

devices as ,are p Patented Feb. 26,190.8.

2 is a longitudinal sec-tional,views'y on'the'line 2`2 of Fig. 1, looking in the directionindicated by the arrows.

Like numerals of reference indicate `like lparts in the several fiigrures of thlediawhgs.

ame-wor 'o 't e-ma- 1 represents the chine', which may be of any desired'material and construction, and 2, 3 the planes. kThere may be any number of these planes. Preferably, they are arranged in vparallel series lfor layers, one series, 2, 2, 2, above the others, 3. I have shown them arranged in' two -series=or layers, but it will be obvious that they may' be multi lied `to any extent or that a single series onlly might be used.

In the'drawings I have shown three planesv y in the upper series, being arran edtandem, and two 1n the lower series. Ihe number and precise arrangement may be varied fto. The lanes might obviously vbe arranged several agreast.

he planes are preferably hinged at `tl 1ei1' centers, as at 4 on the frame-work. 5 represents a car in which theoperator stands or sits and a controller is provided for. shifting the angular position of the planes, which controller is arranged rto be Within reach of the o erator in the car.

Any esired means for shiftingthe planes may be'adopted. I have shown a lever 6 having a handle-7 and ulcrumed onfthe frame-work 1. This lever is connected with and operates an endless cord or cable 8 which runs over pulle's 9, 9 at .each end 'of the ame-work. T e several planes are provided with pe endicular rods or cranks 1'0 which are attalcllled .to tha-cord 8. The -eontroller lever may be houten its various positions by any usual ormfoi ivoted dog, such as that shown at 11, which. segment l2 on theframe-vaglf y may be guyed or reinforcY f lthe guysfl.v It will be seen that a siglemev'mentf thev controllin lever' will shift yth tion of a l of the planes Preferably the planes of made to overlap. In t way .gain a considerable areao buoying surface v crhenthe` planes are set 1n their angular position, that 1s, when the an' pressure lift as well as to sustain-the machine.l

The mac e ma be sired manner. I ave shown it'provided simultaneously. the up er 'series are mr'gageswitha is being -utilized to e anguil'lgsposi-` propelled in any de 1054 titl within rvavh ot thv operator.

with two propvllvrs tit, arranged one at. vault vnd otI thv. apparatusl and on a vonnnon shalt l5, thvI lowvt' planvsl hviuttslot tvd .so as to tilt without intvrtvrvnrv with this shalt. lhvsv propvllvis givtthv var its` torward propulsion. rl`hv shalt l5 tna hv drivvn in any dvsirvd nianuvr, i"or vxaniplv, lhax'v shown a gasolenv inotor lll lovatvd in thv var, thv driving hvlt or chain it" ol whivh vxtvnds ovvr a pullvt' l?) on thv. shal l5. lV lso providv sotnv suitalilv ruddvr ror stvvrin;r the inavhinv. l'roni `sidv to sidv. 'this ruddvr is also prvl'vt'ahlv pi\otvd so that it is halanvvd in its` tnovvnivnt and vasily shit'tvd. I havv shown this ruddvr as a plane lt) vvntrally jonrnalvd on a rod 2() vxtvndinj;y t'roni thv l'taniv l to an vxtvnsion pivot; 2l troni thv l`hv ruddvr is providvd with a handlv which vxtvnds into thv var and vasily 'l`hv rttddvr is prvl'vrahli' pirotvd lor\\'ard ol` thv vvntvr.

ln ordvr to tavilita-tv thvy vas)Y dvsvvnt ol thv (lvvivv and also to tnakv it tnorv buoyant,

l pt'vlivr to providv it with latvral parat-nutvt work t vonnvt-t with tht` otttvr vile-vs ol' planvs 24, hravinjg this part ot' thv struvturv. vvrtival planvsl 231,2?, invlosv thv. spavv hvlow thv. uppvr planvs 2, 'l and prvvvut thv wind front spilling ottt l'roni undvr thvsv lattvr planvsy opvratiug in thv saniv niannvr as thv sidvs olI a hox l\'itv.

)ly dvvivv will opvratv as follows: 'l`hv opvt'ator .sits or stands in thv oar willi thv lvvot t5 at onv hand and thv handlv 2'. at thv othvr. lly .shittingI tltv lvt'vr tt, thv planvsl may hv svt. at any lvsirvd anglo lu st ,"tin; thv)Y will prvtvrahl)V hv. svt' at a vonsidvrahlv invlinationy in ordvt to invrvasv thv tilting vtl'vet` ol thv torward propulsion otl thv apparatus. 'l`hv apparatus willy ol: voursvVy hv. startvd otra. var, or in .sotnv sttvh \\'vlll\'no\\n tnannvr. vhvn thv ntavhinv has 'risvn to thv propvr altitudv7 thv anglv ot' thv planvs tna. hv vhangvd so as to maintain thv ntavhinv at a. givvn altitudv, 'l`hv ang'lv will dvpvnd upon thv. oondition of thv. wind and also upon thvy vvlovity ol' thv niavhinv. 'ht n it. is dvsirvd to risv or desovud, the planvs will be shil'tvd avvordinglY.

lt` will hv .svvn thaty thv. device opvratvs, in vll'vvt, lil\'v a hox kitv, vxvvpt that` thv angle ol' thv planvs nia)v hv shititvd :tt-.vording to the varyingt virvuntstancvs. 'l`hvsv planvs svrYe thv douhlv purpose oli huoying thvy inachine and also vlc stvvring it. in its risv and dvsvvnt.

'l`ltv paravhutv dvvivvs at tht` sitlvs of thv ntavhinv svrvv to stvady and huoy thv satnv and providv tnvans tot' dvvrvasinfr its t'apidit)Y ot' dvsvvnt in vasv thv. driving apparatus hevonivsl tlvt'angvrl.

Vl`hv apparatus tna. hv prvridvtl with the lifting propvllers commonly used in devices vt this vharavtvr. hut these will hv entire' a-uxiliar to thv tilting` function olthv planes. l`ndvr ordinary .virvutnstanvvs thv liftingr ptopvllvrs tnay hv dispvnsfd with vntirvllv, thv angula' position oi' the planvs thenisvlvvsl living sutlivivnt to dirvvt the course of thv inavhinv upward.

lwish it to hv understood that I do not de.- .s'irv to litnit in rsvlt to thv particular dvvives or arrangvntvnts hvrein shown and described, as' ohvious nivditivations will ovvur to pvrsons skillvd in thv art.

rlhv arrangvinvnt vtt thv ruudvr at thv havk vnd ot' thv inavhinv is not` inatvrial. It mightV hv plavvd at thv 'front vnd, or ahove the planvs.

lt will liv vlvar that thv arrangvtnvnts` and dvvivvs ol tn t' invvntion might hvatsvd in an \V sort of living.a tnavhinv whvte thtlavroplanv prin( .olv is utiliylvd, vrvn though othvr propvlling or hut. \'inr ayjvnvivs wvrv also tnadv. ttsv ol'.

,l vlaini:

l. The vottihination with a suitahlv lrantvwork voniprisinjg \'vrtival planvs and propvlling' invans. olI a pluralit)Y olI nio\'ahlv planvs. .said planvs livin;- tnottntvd in thv l'raInv-work and hvtwvvn thv \'vrtival plattvs so as' to hv vapahlv otl vhangvs in angular position, and vvntrollingl ntvans t'or vhangingl thv angular positi us ol' said planvs,

2. 'l`lto votnhination with a tratnv-work vvtnprising' \'vrtival planvs and prv-pvlling tnvans. oli a` pluralit)i .ll niovahlv planvs tnountvtl at thvir vvntvrs on .snvh l'rautv-work and hvtwvvn thv \'vrtival planvs so as to hv vapahlv ol" vhangv in angular position7 and vontrolling invans l'or vhanging thv angular positions of said planvs.

Il. 'l`hv vonihination with a suitahlv l'rainv-- work vonipr u: Yvrtival planvs and propvllingr ntvans7 t `plurality ot' inovahlv planes ntvttntvd in said lranuhwwrk and hvtwvt-n thv \'vrtival planos so as to hv vapahlv ot vhangv. in angular position. .said planvsl hving arrang'vd onv ahovv the othvr, and vontrollingr ntvans tor'changing the. angular positions ot said planvs.

4. rlhe voinhination with a suitahle franivwork vontprising Vvrtival planvs and propelling nteans, of a pluralityv otz inovahle planes inountvd in said traine-work and hvtwvvn thv. vvrttieal planes so as to he oapahle ol' change in angular position, said planes heilig ar,- rangvd in svrivs, one serivs located ahove the other, and controlling means for changing the angular positions of said planes.

'l`hv t-.otnhination with a suitable fran1ework comprising vvrtieal planes and propelling invansy ol' a pluralitiV of inovahle planes niountvd in .said traine-work and between the vvrttval planvs so as to he va )athlo of change in angular position, said planes heing arranged in arallel series, one series above the other, an controlling means for changing the a lar positions of said planes.

v6. e combination with a suitable framework comprising'vertical planes and propelling means, of a plurality of movable planes mountedin said frame-work and' between the vertical lanes so as to be ca able 'of change in an u ar'posit'ion, said p anes being arrange 1n parallel series, one series above the j, other, controlling means for changing the angular positions of said planeaand a car swung from the frame-work elow said lanes.

7. The combina'tion with a suit ble framework and propelling means, of a plurality ofin series, one series above the other, side yplanes transverse to the tilting planes and `,inclosing the `space between the series of planes controlllng means for tilting said planes, and a rudder for guiding the appara- I tus in its lateral movements,

9. The combination with a suitable framework and propelling means, of a plurality of planes mounted in said frame-work so as to be capable of change in angular position,

.controlling means for changing the angular positions of said planes, andparachute de- -vices at the sides of the machine comprising planes set at an angle to each other and arranged so as to inclose the space beneath said first-mentioned lanes. y

10. The com ination with a suitable frame-work comprising vertical side lanes and propelling means, of a plurality ot movable planes mounted in said frame-work bc- 1 tween the side planes, and parachute devices -at each `side of said frame-work comprising downwardly inclined planes extending trom the vertical planes. i p

11. The combination with a suitable frame-work and propelling means, ofI a plurality of overlapping planes arranged tan` dem, said planes being vmounted in the .frame-work so Vas to be capable of change in angular position, and controlling means for changing the angular position of said planes.

12. The f combination with a suitable frame-Work andpropelling means, of a plurality of planes mounted in said frame-work so as to be capable of change in angular position, said planes being arranged tandem and .in series, one series located above the other,

and controlling means for changingpt e angular position of the tilting planes.

14.-The Acombination with a suitable i frame-work and propelling means, of vertical planes inclosing said frame-work on the sides, a plurality of tiltin planes mounted on the frame-work within t e vertical planes, controlling means for changing the an ular position of the tilting planes, and iixe inclined planes extending from'the sides of the frame-work. l

15. The combination with a frame-Work comprising vertical planes, of a plurality of movable planes mounted in said frame-work so as to be capable of being tilted vertically, and controlling means for tilting said planes, said vertical planes being arranged to inclose space, between said tilting lanes.

GEORGE l. BEN EDICT. Witnesses:

PERcIvAL H. TRUMAN, H; L. PEOK. 

